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feat(ui-design): add comprehensive UI/UX design plugin v1.0.0
New plugin covering mobile (iOS, Android, React Native) and web applications with modern design patterns, accessibility, and design systems. Components: - 9 skills: design-system-patterns, accessibility-compliance, responsive-design, mobile-ios-design, mobile-android-design, react-native-design, web-component-design, interaction-design, visual-design-foundations - 4 commands: design-review, create-component, accessibility-audit, design-system-setup - 3 agents: ui-designer, accessibility-expert, design-system-architect Marketplace updated: - Version bumped to 1.3.4 - 102 agents (+3), 116 skills (+9)
This commit is contained in:
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# WCAG 2.2 Guidelines Reference
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## Overview
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The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2 provide recommendations for making web content more accessible. They are organized into four principles (POUR): Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust.
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## Conformance Levels
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- **Level A**: Minimum accessibility (must satisfy)
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- **Level AA**: Standard accessibility (should satisfy)
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- **Level AAA**: Enhanced accessibility (may satisfy)
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Most organizations target Level AA compliance.
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## Principle 1: Perceivable
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Content must be presentable in ways users can perceive.
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### 1.1 Text Alternatives
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#### 1.1.1 Non-text Content (Level A)
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All non-text content needs text alternatives.
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```tsx
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// Images
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<img src="chart.png" alt="Q3 sales increased 25% compared to Q2" />
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// Decorative images
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<img src="decorative-line.svg" alt="" role="presentation" />
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// Complex images with long descriptions
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<figure>
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<img src="org-chart.png" alt="Organization chart" aria-describedby="org-desc" />
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<figcaption id="org-desc">
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The CEO reports to the board. Three VPs report to the CEO:
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VP Engineering, VP Sales, and VP Marketing...
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</figcaption>
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</figure>
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// Icons with meaning
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<button aria-label="Delete item">
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<TrashIcon aria-hidden="true" />
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</button>
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// Icon buttons with visible text
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<button>
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<DownloadIcon aria-hidden="true" />
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<span>Download</span>
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</button>
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```
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### 1.2 Time-based Media
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#### 1.2.1 Audio-only and Video-only (Level A)
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```tsx
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// Audio with transcript
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<audio src="podcast.mp3" controls />
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<details>
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<summary>View transcript</summary>
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<p>Full transcript text here...</p>
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</details>
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// Video with captions
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<video controls>
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<source src="tutorial.mp4" type="video/mp4" />
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<track kind="captions" src="captions-en.vtt" srclang="en" label="English" />
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<track kind="subtitles" src="subtitles-es.vtt" srclang="es" label="Spanish" />
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</video>
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```
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### 1.3 Adaptable
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#### 1.3.1 Info and Relationships (Level A)
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Structure and relationships must be programmatically determinable.
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```tsx
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// Proper heading hierarchy
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<main>
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<h1>Page Title</h1>
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<section>
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<h2>Section Title</h2>
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<h3>Subsection</h3>
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</section>
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</main>
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// Data tables with headers
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<table>
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<caption>Quarterly Sales Report</caption>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th scope="col">Product</th>
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<th scope="col">Q1</th>
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<th scope="col">Q2</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<th scope="row">Widget A</th>
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<td>$10,000</td>
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<td>$12,000</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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// Lists for grouped content
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<nav aria-label="Main navigation">
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<ul>
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<li><a href="/">Home</a></li>
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<li><a href="/about">About</a></li>
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<li><a href="/contact">Contact</a></li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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```
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#### 1.3.5 Identify Input Purpose (Level AA)
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```tsx
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// Input with autocomplete for autofill
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<form>
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<label htmlFor="name">Full Name</label>
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<input id="name" name="name" autoComplete="name" />
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<label htmlFor="email">Email</label>
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<input id="email" name="email" type="email" autoComplete="email" />
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<label htmlFor="phone">Phone</label>
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<input id="phone" name="phone" type="tel" autoComplete="tel" />
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<label htmlFor="address">Street Address</label>
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<input id="address" name="address" autoComplete="street-address" />
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<label htmlFor="cc">Credit Card Number</label>
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<input id="cc" name="cc" autoComplete="cc-number" />
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</form>
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```
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### 1.4 Distinguishable
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#### 1.4.1 Use of Color (Level A)
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```tsx
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// Bad: Color only indicates error
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<input className={hasError ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
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// Good: Color plus icon and text
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<div>
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<input
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className={hasError ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
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aria-invalid={hasError}
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aria-describedby={hasError ? 'error-message' : undefined}
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/>
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{hasError && (
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<p id="error-message" className="text-red-500 flex items-center gap-1">
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<AlertIcon aria-hidden="true" />
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This field is required
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</p>
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)}
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</div>
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```
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#### 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum) (Level AA)
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```css
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/* Minimum contrast ratios */
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/* Normal text: 4.5:1 */
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/* Large text (18pt+ or 14pt bold+): 3:1 */
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/* Good contrast examples */
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.text-on-white {
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color: #595959; /* 7:1 ratio on white */
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}
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.text-on-dark {
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color: #ffffff;
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background: #333333; /* 12.6:1 ratio */
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}
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/* Link must be distinguishable from surrounding text */
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.link {
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color: #0066cc; /* 4.5:1 on white */
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text-decoration: underline; /* Additional visual cue */
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}
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```
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#### 1.4.11 Non-text Contrast (Level AA)
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```css
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/* UI components need 3:1 contrast */
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.button {
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border: 2px solid #767676; /* 3:1 against white */
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background: white;
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}
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.input {
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border: 1px solid #767676;
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}
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.input:focus {
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outline: 2px solid #0066cc; /* Focus indicator needs 3:1 */
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outline-offset: 2px;
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}
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/* Custom checkbox */
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.checkbox {
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border: 2px solid #767676;
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}
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.checkbox:checked {
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background: #0066cc;
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border-color: #0066cc;
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}
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```
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#### 1.4.12 Text Spacing (Level AA)
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Content must not be lost when user adjusts text spacing.
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```css
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/* Allow text spacing adjustments without breaking layout */
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.content {
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/* Use relative units */
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line-height: 1.5; /* At least 1.5x font size */
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letter-spacing: 0.12em; /* Support for 0.12em */
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word-spacing: 0.16em; /* Support for 0.16em */
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/* Don't use fixed heights on text containers */
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min-height: auto;
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/* Allow wrapping */
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overflow-wrap: break-word;
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}
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/* Test with these values: */
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/* Line height: 1.5x font size */
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/* Letter spacing: 0.12em */
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/* Word spacing: 0.16em */
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/* Paragraph spacing: 2x font size */
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```
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#### 1.4.13 Content on Hover or Focus (Level AA)
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```tsx
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// Tooltip pattern
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function Tooltip({ content, children }) {
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const [isVisible, setIsVisible] = useState(false);
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return (
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<div
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onMouseEnter={() => setIsVisible(true)}
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onMouseLeave={() => setIsVisible(false)}
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onFocus={() => setIsVisible(true)}
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onBlur={() => setIsVisible(false)}
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>
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{children}
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{isVisible && (
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<div
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role="tooltip"
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// Dismissible: user can close without moving pointer
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onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === 'Escape' && setIsVisible(false)}
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// Hoverable: content stays visible when pointer moves to it
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onMouseEnter={() => setIsVisible(true)}
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onMouseLeave={() => setIsVisible(false)}
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// Persistent: stays until trigger loses focus/hover
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>
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{content}
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</div>
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)}
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</div>
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);
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}
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```
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## Principle 2: Operable
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Interface components must be operable by all users.
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### 2.1 Keyboard Accessible
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#### 2.1.1 Keyboard (Level A)
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All functionality must be operable via keyboard.
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```tsx
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// Custom interactive element
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function CustomButton({ onClick, children }) {
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return (
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<div
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role="button"
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tabIndex={0}
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onClick={onClick}
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onKeyDown={(e) => {
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if (e.key === 'Enter' || e.key === ' ') {
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e.preventDefault();
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onClick();
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}
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}}
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>
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{children}
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</div>
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);
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}
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// Better: just use a button
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function BetterButton({ onClick, children }) {
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return <button onClick={onClick}>{children}</button>;
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}
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```
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#### 2.1.2 No Keyboard Trap (Level A)
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```tsx
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// Modal with proper focus management
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function Modal({ isOpen, onClose, children }) {
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const closeButtonRef = useRef(null);
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// Return focus on close
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useEffect(() => {
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if (!isOpen) return;
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const previousFocus = document.activeElement;
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closeButtonRef.current?.focus();
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return () => {
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(previousFocus as HTMLElement)?.focus();
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};
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}, [isOpen]);
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// Allow Escape to close
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useEffect(() => {
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const handleKeyDown = (e: KeyboardEvent) => {
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if (e.key === 'Escape') onClose();
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};
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document.addEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown);
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return () => document.removeEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown);
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}, [onClose]);
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return (
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<FocusTrap>
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<div role="dialog" aria-modal="true">
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<button ref={closeButtonRef} onClick={onClose}>
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Close
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</button>
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{children}
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</div>
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</FocusTrap>
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);
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}
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```
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### 2.4 Navigable
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#### 2.4.1 Bypass Blocks (Level A)
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```tsx
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// Skip links
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<body>
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<a href="#main" className="skip-link">Skip to main content</a>
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<a href="#nav" className="skip-link">Skip to navigation</a>
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<header>...</header>
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<nav id="nav" aria-label="Main">...</nav>
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<main id="main" tabIndex={-1}>
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{/* Main content */}
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</main>
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</body>
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```
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#### 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context) (Level A)
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```tsx
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// Bad: Ambiguous link text
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<a href="/report">Click here</a>
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<a href="/report">Read more</a>
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// Good: Descriptive link text
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<a href="/report">View quarterly sales report</a>
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// Good: Context provides meaning
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<article>
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<h2>Quarterly Sales Report</h2>
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<p>Sales increased by 25% this quarter...</p>
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<a href="/report">Read full report</a>
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</article>
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// Good: Visually hidden text for context
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<a href="/report">
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Read more
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<span className="sr-only"> about quarterly sales report</span>
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</a>
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```
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#### 2.4.7 Focus Visible (Level AA)
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```css
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/* Always show focus indicator */
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:focus-visible {
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outline: 2px solid var(--color-focus);
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outline-offset: 2px;
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}
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/* Custom focus styles */
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.button:focus-visible {
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outline: none;
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box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--color-focus);
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}
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/* High visibility focus for links */
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.link:focus-visible {
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outline: 3px solid var(--color-focus);
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outline-offset: 2px;
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background: var(--color-focus-bg);
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}
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```
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### 2.5 Input Modalities (New in 2.2)
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#### 2.5.8 Target Size (Minimum) (Level AA) - NEW
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Interactive targets must be at least 24x24 CSS pixels.
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```css
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/* Minimum target size */
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.interactive {
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min-width: 24px;
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min-height: 24px;
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}
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/* Recommended size for touch (44x44) */
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.touch-target {
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min-width: 44px;
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min-height: 44px;
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}
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/* Inline links are exempt if they have adequate spacing */
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.link {
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/* Inline text links don't need minimum size */
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/* but should have adequate line-height */
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line-height: 1.5;
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}
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```
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## Principle 3: Understandable
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Content and interface must be understandable.
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### 3.1 Readable
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#### 3.1.1 Language of Page (Level A)
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```html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>...</head>
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<body>...</body>
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</html>
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```
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#### 3.1.2 Language of Parts (Level AA)
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```tsx
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<p>
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The French phrase <span lang="fr">c'est la vie</span> means "that's life."
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</p>
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```
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### 3.2 Predictable
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#### 3.2.2 On Input (Level A)
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Don't automatically change context on input.
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```tsx
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// Bad: Auto-submit on selection
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<select onChange={(e) => form.submit()}>
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<option>Select country</option>
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</select>
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// Good: Explicit submit action
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<select onChange={(e) => setCountry(e.target.value)}>
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<option>Select country</option>
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</select>
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<button type="submit">Continue</button>
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```
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### 3.3 Input Assistance
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#### 3.3.1 Error Identification (Level A)
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```tsx
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function FormField({ id, label, error, ...props }) {
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return (
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<div>
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<label htmlFor={id}>{label}</label>
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<input
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id={id}
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aria-invalid={!!error}
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aria-describedby={error ? `${id}-error` : undefined}
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{...props}
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/>
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{error && (
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<p id={`${id}-error`} role="alert" className="text-red-600">
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{error}
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</p>
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)}
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</div>
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);
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}
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```
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#### 3.3.7 Redundant Entry (Level A) - NEW
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Don't require users to re-enter previously provided information.
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```tsx
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// Auto-fill shipping address from billing
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function CheckoutForm() {
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const [sameAsBilling, setSameAsBilling] = useState(false);
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const [billing, setBilling] = useState({});
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const [shipping, setShipping] = useState({});
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return (
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<form>
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<fieldset>
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<legend>Billing Address</legend>
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<AddressFields value={billing} onChange={setBilling} />
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</fieldset>
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<label>
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<input
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type="checkbox"
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checked={sameAsBilling}
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onChange={(e) => {
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setSameAsBilling(e.target.checked);
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if (e.target.checked) setShipping(billing);
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}}
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/>
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Shipping same as billing
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</label>
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{!sameAsBilling && (
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<fieldset>
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<legend>Shipping Address</legend>
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<AddressFields value={shipping} onChange={setShipping} />
|
||||
</fieldset>
|
||||
)}
|
||||
</form>
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Principle 4: Robust
|
||||
|
||||
Content must be robust enough for assistive technologies.
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.1 Compatible
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value (Level A)
|
||||
|
||||
```tsx
|
||||
// Custom components must expose name, role, and value
|
||||
function CustomCheckbox({ checked, onChange, label }) {
|
||||
return (
|
||||
<button
|
||||
role="checkbox"
|
||||
aria-checked={checked}
|
||||
aria-label={label}
|
||||
onClick={() => onChange(!checked)}
|
||||
>
|
||||
{checked ? '✓' : '○'} {label}
|
||||
</button>
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Custom slider
|
||||
function CustomSlider({ value, min, max, label, onChange }) {
|
||||
return (
|
||||
<div
|
||||
role="slider"
|
||||
aria-valuemin={min}
|
||||
aria-valuemax={max}
|
||||
aria-valuenow={value}
|
||||
aria-label={label}
|
||||
tabIndex={0}
|
||||
onKeyDown={(e) => {
|
||||
if (e.key === 'ArrowRight') onChange(Math.min(value + 1, max));
|
||||
if (e.key === 'ArrowLeft') onChange(Math.max(value - 1, min));
|
||||
}}
|
||||
>
|
||||
<div style={{ width: `${((value - min) / (max - min)) * 100}%` }} />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Testing Checklist
|
||||
|
||||
```markdown
|
||||
## Keyboard Testing
|
||||
- [ ] All interactive elements focusable with Tab
|
||||
- [ ] Focus order matches visual order
|
||||
- [ ] Focus indicator always visible
|
||||
- [ ] No keyboard traps
|
||||
- [ ] Escape closes modals/dropdowns
|
||||
- [ ] Enter/Space activates buttons and links
|
||||
|
||||
## Screen Reader Testing
|
||||
- [ ] All images have alt text
|
||||
- [ ] Form inputs have labels
|
||||
- [ ] Headings in logical order
|
||||
- [ ] Landmarks present (main, nav, header, footer)
|
||||
- [ ] Dynamic content announced
|
||||
- [ ] Error messages announced
|
||||
|
||||
## Visual Testing
|
||||
- [ ] Text contrast at least 4.5:1
|
||||
- [ ] UI component contrast at least 3:1
|
||||
- [ ] Works at 200% zoom
|
||||
- [ ] Content readable with text spacing
|
||||
- [ ] Focus indicators visible
|
||||
- [ ] Color not sole indicator of meaning
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Resources
|
||||
|
||||
- [WCAG 2.2 Quick Reference](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/quickref/)
|
||||
- [Understanding WCAG 2.2](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/)
|
||||
- [Techniques for WCAG 2.2](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Techniques/)
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user